Journal of Neonatal Surgery

Monstera deliciosa: A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemical and Pharmaceutical Activity

2025-04-21T06:37:13+00:00

Monstera deliciosa, a tropical climber from the Araceae family, has attracted increasing attention in pharmacognosy due to its rich phytochemical profile and promising pharmacological activities. Traditionally valued for its ornamental appeal and edible fruit, recent scientific investigations reveal its antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anticancer properties. This review comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical constituents of M. deliciosa and critically evaluate its pharmacological significance across various studies, emphasizing its potential contributions in drug discovery and nutraceutical applications.

A Study on Knowledge Management Systems and Their Role in Employee Learning at Tech Mahindra Nagpur

2025-04-21T07:14:22+00:00

Effective knowledge management systems (KMS) are pivotal in enhancing employee learning and fostering organizational growth in the contemporary digital era. This study investigates the implementation and impact of KMS in improving employee learning outcomes at Tech Mahindra, Nagpur. By analyzing various components of KMS, including knowledge creation, sharing, storage, and application, the research explores how these systems contribute to upskilling employees and creating a culture of continuous learning. Data was collected through a combination of surveys, interviews, and organizational case studies, providing insights into employee perceptions of KMS effectiveness and its alignment with organizational learning goals. Findings reveal that an integrated approach to knowledge management significantly boosts employee engagement, innovation, and job satisfaction. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in KMS adoption, such as resistance to change, technological barriers, and lack of training, and proposes strategies to overcome these hurdles. Recommendations include enhancing system usability, promoting knowledge-sharing initiatives, and integrating artificial intelligence to personalize learning experiences. This research underscores the transformative role of KMS in equipping employees with the skills needed to navigate complex business environments, ultimately driving organizational success

A Study on the Effectiveness of Debt Management and Financing Strategies in Sustaining Growth at Haldiram Foods International

2025-04-21T07:21:13+00:00

Exploring effective debt management and financing strategies is crucial for sustaining growth in competitive markets. This study investigates the role of structured financial planning and innovative debt solutions in fostering the expansion of Haldiram Foods International. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining qualitative insights from industry experts with quantitative analysis of financial metrics. The findings reveal that effective debt structuring, cost minimization, and strategic reinvestment are pivotal for maintaining liquidity and operational efficiency. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of leveraging debt instruments to fund growth initiatives without compromising financial stability. It discusses the challenges and opportunities in adopting these practices, offering a roadmap for organizations to enhance their financial performance. By aligning debt management with broader business objectives, the study provides actionable insights for businesses aiming to achieve sustainable growth in dynamic environments. The research contributes to the literature on corporate finance by showcasing the interplay between financing strategies and organizational development in the context of the Indian food processing industry.

Morphometric Study of Body of Lumbar Vertebrae: MRI Study

2025-04-21T07:44:53+00:00

Introduction- A typical vertebra has a ventral body; a dorsal vertebral (neural) arch, extended by lever-like processes; and a vertebral foramen, which is occupied in life by the spinal cord, meninges, and vessels. Fibrocartilage intervertebral discs connect opposing surfaces of neighboring bodies. Supporting the entire weight of the head and trunk, the entire column of bodies and discs creates the body's sturdy yet flexible central axis. Additionally, it transfers much stronger forces produced by muscles that are either directly or indirectly linked to it. In addition to forming a vertebral canal for the spinal cord, intervertebral foramina also carry mixed spinal nerves, smaller recurrent nerves, and blood and lymphatic vessels between adjacent neural arches, close to their connections with vertebral bodies.

Material and methods- A retrospective evaluation of the morphometric parameters of the lumbar vertebrae was conducted on 150 patients with lower back pain aged 25 to 75 years in the Department of Anatomy D Y Patil Medical College in collaboration with the Radiology Department of D Y Patil Hospital, Nerul, Navi Mumbai. Obtained patients data were separated in 6 groups, in the basis of patients ages, Group A (25-30 years), Group B (31-40 years), Group C (41-50 years), Group D (51-60 years), Group E (61-70 years) and Group F (71-75 years). Morphometric parameters of 1-5 Lumbar vertebrae were recorded with MRI.

Result- In the present study, the age of the patients ranged from 25 to 75 years old. The mean value and standard deviation of the age of patients were 48.586±13.208. The average anteroposterior diameter was 25.26±3.97, 26.81±3.15, 27.76±3.05, 28.31±3.02, and 28.72±3.95 mm at L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 of lumbar vertebrae, respectively. The average transverse diameter of lumbar vertebrae was 34.53±5.97, 36.88±6.08, 40.62±5.29, 42.64±4.85 and 43.87±7.82 mm at L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 of lumbar vertebrae respectively. The average vertical diameter of lumbar vertebrae was 20.54±1.88, 21.8±2.42, 22.09±2.42, 21.81±2.66, and 22.39±3.24 mm at L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 of lumbar vertebrae respectively.

Conclusion: This study revealed a significant correlation between the body of lumbar vertebrae and the patient's age

Educational Benefits of Nurse-Led Family-Focused Care for Children with Congenital Heart Defects: A Comprehensive Evaluation

2025-04-21T07:51:59+00:00

Background: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural abnormalities of the heart present at birth that can affect a child's overall health, growth, and development. Are the most common type of birth defect, affecting approximately 1 in 100 live births. These conditions often require complex medical interventions and long-term management, significantly impacting the health and well-being of affected children and their families. This approach recognizes that parents play a crucial role in their child's care and education. By involving families in the care process, nurses can help create a supportive environment that addresses the unique needs of children with CHDs. The management of CHDs involves a multidisciplinary approach, where the role of nurses, particularly in family-focused care, has become increasingly vital. A comprehensive evaluation of these practices is essential to identify best practices and optimize the care provided to these vulnerable populations. Benefits of Nurse-Led Family-Focused Care: Enhanced Communication, Emotional Support, Education and Empowerment and Holistic Care.

Objectives: this study aim to investigate the effect of educational benefits of nurse-led family-focused care among children with congenital heart defects.

Methods and Results: a quasi-experimental design to investigate the impact of an educational program on the quality of life for children with congenital heart defects. purposive sampling technique which is type of non-probability sampling methods sample of (60) participants was randomly divided into two groups of 30. The study group have been exposed to the educational program for the children with congenital heart defects by the researcher. and the control group follow the traditional program provided by the Heart Center. Then educational benefits of both groups were measured on different intervals during and after the program period.

Results: The results show statistically significant differences between two groups. Enhancement of the quality of life among the study group during the period of measurement. Appling of the educational program for children with congenital heart defects program effect positively on children with CHDs.

Conclusion: The Family-centered educational program to improve the quality of life of children with congenital heart defects program has improved quality of life in those children who parents attended the program.

Impact Of Work-Related Stress On The Quality Of Life Among Nursing Officers In Selected Hospital

2025-04-21T08:34:41+00:00

Work-related stress has emerged as a critical challenge facing nursing officers, significantly impacting their quality of life (QoL). The dynamics of nursing environments are particularly punctuated by high-pressure situations, prolonged hours, emotional labor, and the necessity to make critical decisions, all of which collectively foster an atmosphere rife with stress-related issues. The study was approved by the ethics of the institution and it was a quantitative, cross-sectional study to assess the effect of the work-related stress on the quality of life of the nursing officers. The 150 nursing officers that were recruited were done through a convenience sampling technique from a hospital selected. Participants included nursing officers working in the hospital who were willing to participate and after optionally consenting. The nursing officers who were undergoing counseling for psychological therapy were excluded from the study. The study also found that moderate levels of work-related stress were experienced by most of the nursing officers and affected their quality of life. Moderate was the highest rating for physical health (46.7%), psychological health (43.3%), social health (40.0%), and environmental health (48.0%); poor QoL was perceived highest in social relationships (33.3%) and psychological health (30.0%). Major stressors were workload (43.3% moderate, 30.0% high), patient care (46.7% moderate), conflict with physicians (40% moderate) and lack of support (43.3% moderate). Those who worked shift had the lowest stress levels (40% low). The study concludes that the quality of life of nursing officers is highly influenced by moderate levels of work-related stress

Knowledge and Perception about Ketogenic Diet

2025-04-21T08:52:43+00:00

Background and Objectives: Obesity now is pandemic that many strategies are growing to cope with. Ketogenic diet, with its pros and cons, is one of the promising yet query obesity's treatment strategies.

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of using Ketogenic diet as weight losing method among overweight and obese persons and the overall perception towards it.. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and Perception about ketogenic diet, its therapeutic uses, possible side effects and benefits among overweight and obese persons visiting primary health care centers in Baghdad. Methods: Cross sectional study conducted in Baghdad, on a convenient sample of 456 overweight and obese persons attending Family Medicine Based Primary Health Care Centers over a period from 1st September- 1st March 2023). A self-administered structural questionnaire was used for data collection and the persons were interviewed after taking informed consents.

Results: One-thirds of participants were aware of Ketogenic diet as a weight losing method. Whereas the prevalence of being on Ketogenic diet was 18.2%. The awareness rate was found to be influenced mostly by age, gender and educational level. The majority had built their information according to what they read and saw on social media while specialists' support ranked last with only 12% depending on. Overall poor perception level was observed with Ketogenic diet followers, those who took their information from specialists and unemployed participants demonstrated the best perception's levels.

Conclusion: Many people are familiar with the ketogenic diet, but much of what they believe comes from social media, where misinformation spreads easily. This gap between perception and reality leads to confusion about its actual benefits, side effects and needed follow up.

A Quasi-Experimental Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Puppet Show And Storytelling Methods On Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorders Among Preschool Children At Selected Schools, Krishnagiri District

2025-04-21T08:59:32+00:00

This quantitative study investigated the effectiveness of puppet shows and storytelling methods in addressing challenges faced by preschool children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Employing a non-randomized two-group research design, the study involved a total of 60 preschool children (ages 2-6 years) diagnosed with ADHD who met the inclusion criteria. Participants were conveniently sampled using a non-probability technique and assigned to either a puppet show intervention group or a storytelling intervention group. The study aimed to compare the impact of these two methods on specific behavioral outcomes associated with ADHD in preschool children. The findings of the research indicated that both puppet shows and storytelling were effective interventions for this population. However, the study concluded that the puppet show method demonstrated a greater positive impact compared to the storytelling method in addressing the challenges associated with ADHD among the preschool children in the study sample. These results suggest that incorporating puppet shows could be a particularly beneficial strategy in early childhood interventions for children with ADHD. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is recommended to validate these findings and explore the specific mechanisms underlying the differential effectiveness of these methods

Implementation Of Artificial Intelligence In Crop Monitoring For Agriculture

2025-04-21T09:05:51+00:00

Farmers have stopped cultivation in present days due to not being able to get the facilities which would help them in the process. On top of this, animals are causing other issues that frustrate the farmers and drive them to abandon crop cultivation; You can get our paper immune to the latter. Paper aims to scare the animal involving our fields to destroy. Wildlife intervention often leads to destruction of locally owned crops. This creates protection of yield and to protect the yield, those organisms need to be terrified — which is the only way of saying that the farmer is a worry to those organisms.” Farmers cannot constraint the entire fields and guard it. Due to time and resource constraints, it is impractical for farmers to monitor and guard whole fields by hand. Thus, there is an urgent requirement for novel, automated systems that can effectively deter animal poaching in a safe manner.

The use of such technologies allows farmers to protect crops, improve productivity, and minimize the need for real-time human intervention. This article describes an everyday application that can be used to prevent crop-damage on agriculture farms by animals. To address this problem, this research utilizes Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Short Message Service (SMS) technology to present a useful, automatic system for the farmers. The proposed system approach depends on mobile telecommunication technology to send instant notification to inform farmers of a possible animal attack in their farms. This method gives instant responses by applying detection techniques along with GSM based alerts, which reduces the level of crop loss and yield security. The study endeavours to adapt the existing mobile communication infrastructure that is readily accessible, affordable, and conducive to a range of farmers in diverse locations, maximizing usability and cost efficiency. This Research paper it helps the concept of identification of a specific target by an image processing system and generating intolerable frequency than the targets audible range frequency.

A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Perception Of Dental Students Towards Wearing White Coats In Clinical Departments In The Indian Context

2025-04-21T09:16:59+00:00

Background: Among dental students, wearing a white coat represents a symbol of recognition linked with dignity and respect for the wearers. However, it has been reported that dental students are seen wearing an apron or white coat in public places, and this practice needs to be corrected and addressed.

Aim: The study had the aim of determining the perception of dental students towards wearing of white coat/aprons.

Methods: The study utilized a closed-ended questionnaire comprising 10 items which was distributed to the clinical students from a dental college. The questionnaire explored the understanding of dental students towards their willingness to replace white coats with scrubs, white coat maintenance, grounds of wearing aprons outside premises and after college hours, and their understanding towards white coat wearing in college. The data recorded were assessed for distribution of frequency and to formulate results.

Results: The study results showed that the majority of dental students had a preference for wearing white coats over scrubs in college. The grounds for wearing a white coat outside college were for a different feeling and laziness in removing the white coat. The white coat was perceived as personal protective equipment by the participants and 40% traveled to college in a white coat. Majority of participants accepted on wearing white coat outside college during college time and immediately after that. The majority of subjects also kept their belongings in pockets of white coats.

Conclusion: The present study elucidates the white coat understanding in dental students as awareness is scarce concerning how, where, and when one should use a white coat. Institutes play a vital role in the dissemination and promotion of white coat use importance. Also, there is the necessity of implementing standards and policies for white coat maintenance and handling.

The role of colonoscopy in assessing bleeding in patients with lower gastrointestinal disorders: Pathogenesis and therapeutic applications for patients referred to Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital during the period 2023-2024

2025-04-21T09:29:33+00:00

Colon gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a frequent cause of hospitalization and is more prevalent in the elderly. Patients with persistent bleeding or significant hemorrhage stigmata need immediate diagnosis and intervention to ensure permanent hemostasis, even though the majority of instances will stop on their own. The main method for diagnosing, assessing risk, and treating some of the most frequent causes of colonic bleeding—including diverticular hemorrhage, which accounts for 30% of cases—is colonoscopy. Surgery and angiography are typically saved for cases of bleeding that are uncontrollable or do not permit sufficient intestinal preparation for a colonoscopy. In patients who arrive with severe hematochezia, we go over the colonoscopic diagnosis, risk assessment, and final therapy of colonic bleeding.

Objective : Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Nasiriyah city, Thi-Qar governorate, evaluated lower gastrointestinal bleeding patients in 2023–2024 and the usefulness of colonoscopies. Methods: The investigation was conducted in the endoscope department of an Al-Hussian teaching hospital next to a medical college. the Southern Iraqi Dhi-Qar Governorate from July 2023 and March 2024. Patients with lower git hemorrhage, with or without an alert feature, were assessed for this hospital-based observation research. 150 individuals had lower gastrointestinal endoscopies. Males were 95 (63.3) and females were 55 (36.6), the most prevalent age group between 21 and 60.

Results: Internal hemorrhage (18.6%), poor preparation (12.6%), ulcerative colitis (9.2%), internal pill (8.6%), rectal mass (7.9%), proctitis (4.6%), polyp (3.39%), and rectal ulcer (2%) were among the colonoscopy results, which included normal (28.5%). When an internal hemorrhage is discovered during a colonoscopy, the majority of patients report 10 percent bleeding per rectum, 4 percent stomach discomfort with bleeding per rectum, 2 percent painless bleeding, 2 percent blood per rectum with mucus, 6 percent recurrent bleeding per rectum, and 6 percent intermittent bleeding per rectum.

Conclusion : Between the ages of 21 and 60, lower gut bleeding is widespread, with internal hemorrhoids being the most frequent source of bleeding per rectum. A colonoscope is a device that option for both diagnosis and treatment. Successful results will be obtained by using the right tools, techniques, and knowledge. radiological intervention and When a colonoscopy fails to diagnose or achieve sufficient hemostasis, surgery is the last resort.

Categories: General Surgery, Gastroenterology

Obesity- Associated Gallstone Complications: Investigating HMG-CoA Gene Expression and Spexin Biomarkers

2025-04-21T09:37:31+00:00

Gallstone disease (GSD) is a prevalent and painful disorder characterized by the development of solid deposits in the gallbladder or bile ducts, including cholesterol, bile pigments, and calcium. While obesity is the main risk factor for GSD, the condition can also affect individuals who are not obese. This study examined the factors in obese and non-obese patients that may contribute to the formation and progression of gallstones, emphasizing the roles of β-Hydroxy β-Methylglutaryl Co-A gene expression and Spexin levels in driving inflammation.

The study involved 120 participants: 30 patients with symptomatic gallstones and obesity, 30 patients with symptomatic gallstones but no obesity, 30 obese patients without gallstones, and 30 healthy controls. Lipid profile levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and VLDL) were measured using an automatic Fuji film analyzer. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was quantified using an I-Chroma reader. Serum SPX levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and HMG Co-A gene expression was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Data were analyzed with SPSS version 28, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

The findings indicated an increase in lipid profile values and a decrease in HDL levels in all patient groups compared to controls, which was associated with heightened inflammation, as reflected by elevated CRP levels. Additionally, there were decreased SPX levels and a rise in HMG Co-A gene expression (P < 0.05).

In conclusion, the study suggests that the levels of SPX are negatively correlated with HMG Co-A gene expression, which may play a crucial role in triggering inflammation in gallstone patients, thus contributing to the progression of the disease, particularly in obese individuals.

Smart Health Monitoring System Based On Internet Of Things

2025-04-21T09:44:10+00:00

The design and construction of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based health monitoring system is presented in this study. This study looks at a comprehensive health monitoring system that is used to track a patient's several health indicators in real time. The research consists of several health monitoring sensors that helps the Doctors and Paramedical staff to monitor the patient efficiently and reduce the time of the health in charges. The Design consists of Pulse oximeter sensors, Body temperature monitoring sensor and Respiratory monitor sensor to monitor the health efficiently. The signal from the pulse oximeter sensor, Body temperature monitoring sensor and Respiratory monitor sensor are collected and the data are transferred to the mobile device via the ESP 32 WIFI module with the help of Arduino UNO. The collected data can also monitor through LCD display and the graphical representation of the reading are displayed via Thing Speak IoT software. The topic of this study is effective patient and senior citizen monitoring. This technology allows for the monitoring of the patient's temperature, blood oxygen level (SpO2), pulse rate, and breathing pattern.

This study introduces an Internet of Things-based solution that will make it easier and less expensive to use a medical gadget that would otherwise be difficult to use while at home. Every measurement used to ascertain the patient's health parameters has a 95% confidence interval with a maximum relative error of 5%. The general public's employment of these technologies as support aids in a particular circumstance may significantly affect their own life.

Planning – An Insights from Vidura Niti

2025-04-21T09:51:54+00:00

Vidura Niti is a great guide for management skills and also for organisational behaviour. Planning plays a vital role in all sorts of things like our day to day life. As in planning there are many types of planning which has special characteristics in it. As Vidura is a very skilled and talented person whose play a key role in epic Mahabharata. Planning is a step by step process it has steps to complete the plan vidura niti has 33 chapters through 40 of Udyoga Parva (the Book of Effort, is the 5 to18 books of the Indian epic Mahabharata).Viduraniti is also known as vidura statesman craft. There are many slokas which clearly explains about planning and the execution methods and how in those days have been planned. In the planning involves in the evolutions of the worlds.

Vidura Niti - AI

Vidura Niti, an ancient wisdom from the Mahabharata, offers timeless insights on strategic planning, ethical governance, and foresighted decision-making. Integrating AI with Vidura Niti principles can revolutionize modern leadership, crisis management, business strategy, and personal decision-making. The Vidura Niti Planning System leverages AI to develop a wisdom-backed, data-driven decision support framework.

HRM - PANCATANTRAM

2025-04-21T09:56:28+00:00

Human Resource Management: A Human Resource Management refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between human resource management and information technology. It merges HRM as a discipline and in particular its basic HR activities and processes with the information technology field, whereas the programming of data processing systems evolved into standardized routines and packages of enterprise resource planning software. The main objective of this paper is to reduce the effort of Administrator to keep the daily events such as attendance, projects, works, appointments, etc. This paper deals with the process of identifying the employees, recording their attendance hourly and calculating their effective payable hours or days.

HRM In Pancatantram: Human Resource Management plays a Major Role in the didactic fable Pancatantram. The title of one of the Pancatantram fables is Mitralabha which means Bondage of Friendship. In accordance to the industry, Employer and Employee is viewed as the Bond of Friendship. The Pancatantram emphasizes that right persons should be employed at right places. The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the human resource management principles prescribed in Pancatantram related to employee qualities and work, leadership, motivation, employee turnover and retention, research and development personnel, conflicts, and employee care. It will of great interest to both scholars and practicing human resource managers to note that the human resource management principles found in Pancatantram are not only easily practicable but also look as if they were written for today. The Employees must be given not only Financial Incentives but also to be served Non Financial Incentives. A new Indigenous Orientation could be given to students in HRM as suited to Indian Conditions so that our managers can serve the society in a better way.

AI Tools Of HRM: AI in HRM provides a competitive edge to organizations by enhancing the performance of the employees. The outcome of term co-occurrence analysis highlights majority research related to AI in HRM focuses on resource allocation, talent acquisition, and training and development. Systematic literature review addresses the intersection of AI and HRM, elucidating AI-driven tools and techniques that optimize recruitment, performance management, and employee engagement. Rooted in the recognition that conventional HRM approaches can be time-intensive and biased, AI's integration promises to enhance decision-making efficiency and accuracy. The implementation of AI in HRM also raises concerns regarding ethical issues, data privacy, and the potential displacement of human roles. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for HR professionals to balance technological advancements with human-centric values, ensuring AI serves as a complement to, rather than a replacement for, human decision-making in HR practices

Experimental Investigation on high performance concrete using metakaolin

2025-04-21T10:02:57+00:00

This study investigates the flexural behavior of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) beams incorporating Metakaolin (MK) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as mineral admixtures. Ten different HPC beam mixes were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deflection, and cracking behavior. The results show significant improvements in the ultimate load-bearing capacity and deflection performance of the HPC beams compared to the control beam without MK and RHA. The study highlights that the addition of MK and RHA enhances the bond between aggregate and cement paste, leading to a denser concrete matrix, finer pore structure, and greater overall strength. The findings demonstrate that the optimal mix, with 12.5% RHA and 7.5% MK, achieved a 16.67% higher ultimate load than the control, proving the effectiveness of MK and RHA in enhancing the flexural properties of concrete.

New Therapeutic Horizons Amid Diagnostic Complexity: Neonatal Interstitial Lung Diseases

2025-04-21T10:11:31+00:00

Background: Neonatal interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) consist of a rare and heterogeneous group of conditions that result in high rates of respiratory morbidity and mortality. Its diagnosis is difficult because of overlapping characteristics with more frequent neonatal respiratory pathologies and a lack of awareness among clinicians.

Objective: By emphasising unmet therapeutic needs and the crucal role of multidisciplinary care, this review seeks to address the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis and therapeutic approach to ILD in neonates in a comprehensive format, with special attention to emerging therapeutic strategies and the importance of multidisciplinary care.

Methods: MethodA narrative review synthesizing contemporary literature including recent advances in genetic, imaging and therapeutic are relevant to neonatal ILD.

Results: Neonatal ILDs, especially the surfactant dysfunction disorders (SFTPB, SFTPC, ABCA3 mutations), NEHI, and PIG, are increasingly being recognized in clinical practice. Diagnosis has improved by high-resolution CT and next-generation sequencing. Treatment is largely supportive, but corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine

and experimental therapies — including gene editing and stem cell applications — are being studied.

Conclusion: However,timely recognition of neonatal ILD is crucial to ensuring the best outcomes. Genetic-based personalized treatment strategies and interdisciplinary cooperation may provide new opportunities in the management of affected neonates to improve both survival and quality of life in these neonates.

Performance of Composite Concrete-Filled Plastic Tubular Stub Columns Under Axial Compressive Loads

2025-04-21T10:17:32+00:00

The development of Concrete Filled Plastic Tube (CFPT) Stub Columns, is commonly used in the areas where the concrete structures interact with marine and saline environments, compared to regular concrete columns. CFPT and Composite CFPT stub column samples were prepared to investigate their behaviour under certain loading conditions. The main objective of this study was to conduct an experimental investigation to observe the effect of using CFPT with and without additional of fibers on the final strength of the concrete columns. In order to achieve this target, three types of loading conditions were applied, including separate load on the concrete, combined load on the concrete and the plastic tube and combined load of composite concrete and plastic tube simultaneously. Comparing and Adding 2% of two different artificial fibers in CFPT columns which are Steel and Polymer fibers. The study revealed a significant improvement in the compressive strength of CFPT Composite CFPT columns with 110 diameters. Overall results show that the use of CFPT columns provides better mechanical performance compared to ordinary concrete columns. An evaluation of using the available calculation methods to predict the load-carrying capacities of CFPT. The study suggested the use of CFPT columns in situations where common concrete may cause significant issues related to its deterioration and disintegration in response to severe weather conditions

Association of Serum Magnesium Levels with Glycemic Control and Diabetic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

2025-04-21T10:43:29+00:00

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder that poses a major global health burden. Magnesium, a vital intracellular cation, plays an important role in glucose metabolism and insulin function. Recent studies have indicated a possible link between hypomagnesemia and poor glycemic control as well as diabetic complications, yet serum magnesium levels are often not routinely assessed in T2DM patients. This study aimed to evaluate serum magnesium levels in T2DM patients and determine their association with glycemic control and diabetic complications.

Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at R L Jalappa Hospital over a period of one month, including 70 patients with T2DM aged 18 years and above. Patients receiving diuretics, with chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, or sepsis were excluded. Serum magnesium levels were estimated using the Xylidyl Blue colorimetric method. Glycemic control was assessed using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and postprandial blood sugar (PPBS). Diabetic complications including neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy were evaluated through clinical assessments and relevant investigations. Data were analyzed using SPSS v22, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: Among the 70 patients, 28 (40%) had hypomagnesemia. The mean HbA1c was significantly higher in the hypomagnesemic group (8.75 ± 1.57%) compared to the normomagnesemic group (7.29 ± 1.20%) (p < 0.001). Similarly, RBG, SGPT, SGOT, potassium, and total leukocyte counts were significantly elevated in the hypomagnesemic group (p < 0.05). A statistically significant association was observed between low serum magnesium and poor glycemic control, with 78.8% of patients with HbA1c >7% being hypomagnesemic (p < 0.001). Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and nephropathy were significantly more common in patients with hypomagnesemia (p = 0.001). Although the incidence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was higher in this group, it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.064).

Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is common in T2DM patients and is significantly associated with poor glycemic control and an increased risk of microvascular complications, particularly NPDR and nephropathy. These findings underscore the importance of routine serum magnesium monitoring in the management of T2DM. Identifying and correcting magnesium deficiency could contribute to better glycemic outcomes and reduce the burden of diabetic complications. Future longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to explore the potential benefits of magnesium supplementation in diabetes care.

Experimental Investigation on Self-Healing Concrete, Mechanical and Thermal Studies

2025-04-21T10:50:35+00:00

Self-healing concrete offers a durable solution for addressing cracks by forming calcium carbonate crystals that close micro-cracks autonomously. The research, conducted in five phases, begins by evaluating two super absorbent polymers (SAP) for mechanical recovery, including compressive and flexural strength, alongside crack observation, thermal analysis (TGA, DSC), and microstructural characterization. In the fourth phase, the optimal dosage of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is set at 1% with nano-silica added at 4 wt% of cement, enhancing concrete properties. Flexural behavior under four-point bending is tested for reinforced self-healing versus conventional beams. In the final phase, nano-silica is reduced to 1 wt%, with rice husk ash and sodium bentonite added for cost-efficiency, optimizing PVA at 1.5 wt%..

Biomarkers For Predicting Preeclampsia : An Updated Review

2025-04-21T10:57:39+00:00

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive condition that affects both the fetus and the mother during pregnancy. It affects 3.8% of the pregnant women worldwide. Raised mean arterial blood pressure, increased blood levels of Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and Doppler ultrasonography aid in the early diagnosis of preeclampsia.

This review focuses on the use of various biomarkers in the prediction and diagnosis of preeclampsia. The main biomarkers include Placental Growth Factor (PlGF), Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein 1 (PAPP-A) and soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt1).

PlGF has been shown to serve as a marker of abnormal placentation, with lower levels observed in the first trimester. Studies have found that angiogenic biomarkers, including PlGF, can predict the risk of developing preeclampsia at 20 weeks of gestation. Studies have also found that sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) can be used to predict preeclampsia. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) helps to identify primigravid women at high risk for preterm preeclampsia. It is also valuable in assessing their likelihood of developing other major obstetrical syndromes. Reduced PAPP-A levels during the first trimester have been found to positively correlate with pregnancy - associated complications.

In conclusion, these biomarkers have shown a promising role in predicting and diagnosing preeclampsia, thus providing valuable insights into the disease progression and potential complications.

Investigation of the Ternary Blended Self-Compacting Concrete with Fiber's Strength and Durability Properties

2025-04-21T11:03:56+00:00

This study investigates the effect of ternary blended self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes incorporating fly ash and silica fume on the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity over different curing periods (7, 14, 28, and 56 days). The results revealed that the compressive strength increased with up to 20% fly ash substitution, with an optimal improvement of 13.64% at 28 and 56 days in the mix with 20% fly ash and 10% silica fume (TBC9). Similarly, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength exhibited significant improvements in mixes TBC9 and TBC10, particularly at 28 and 56 days, while the addition of glass fibers further enhanced tensile strength. The modulus of elasticity showed an increase in stiffness, with TBC9 demonstrating the highest value at 31.04 GPa. The study emphasizes the potential of ternary blends with fly ash and silica fume in enhancing the mechanical and physical properties of SCC, particularly with 20% fly ash and 10% silica fume

C-Reactive Protein And Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 A Cardiovascular Risk Predictor In Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2025-04-21T11:11:07+00:00

Background: A diverse endocrine condition known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects 6 to 10% of women of reproductive age. Menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, anovulatory infertility, and other endocrinopathy known as PCOS are some of its symptoms. There is mounting evidence that cardiovascular disease is becoming more common (CVD) in PCOS females.

Material & method: Our study was prospective case-control research 75 healthy women were included as BMI-matched controls since they had no male-type baldness, hirsutism, acne, or hirsutism. hyperandrogenism symptoms or a family history of PCOS, as well as normal menstrual periods.

Result: In present study when compared to control patients, PCOS patients had substantially higher mean blood levels of TSH, FSH, LH, PRL, hs-CRP, and PAI-1 (p 0.000). In comparison to the healthy controls, the mean fasting blood sugar was considerably higher (p 0.01). 54.16% of all patients had hs-CRP levels more than 3 mg/L, placing them at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion: Women with the lean phenotype of PCOS have multiple metabolic problems, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperandrogenemia, and insulin resistance. The conclusions of the According to the study, a milieu of continual low-grade inflammation caused by macrophage infiltration in peripheral organs exacerbates metabolic derangements and cardiovascular risk.

Association between anxiety and sleep quality in periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patients

2025-04-21T11:28:22+00:00

Background:Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition, can progressively damage the tissues that support teeth, leading to tooth loss. The present study was conducted to assess association between anxiety and sleep quality in periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patients.

Materials & Methods:70 patients of both genderswere divided into 2 groups of 35 each. Group I was gingivitis and group II was periodontitis group. Healthy controls (35) were put in group III. The sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Results:Group I had 16 males and 19 females, group II had 18 males and 17 females. The mean sleep quality score in group I was 5.3±1.5, in group II was 6.8±2.3 and in group III was 2.1±1.0. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Sleep quality score in age >35 years was 4.1±1.8 and in age <35 years was 5.4± 1.3. Among daily tooth brushing habit subjects was 4.5± 1.1 and occasional was 4.1± 0.7. Among males was 4.7± 2.8 and in females was 4.9± 1.7. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05).

Conclusion: The sleep quality of periodontal patientswas significantly lower than that of healthy individuals.

Effectiveness of Orthodontic Treatment With Prefabricated Myofunctional Appliances In Children With Sleep Related Breathing Disorders And Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

2025-04-21T11:36:39+00:00

Background: This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with prefabricated myofunctional appliances in children with sleep related breathing disorders and obstructive sleep apnoea.

Material and methods: This study comprised of 50 children with obstructive sleep apnoea who were given myofunctional appliances for orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the orthodontic treatment with these appliances in children with obstructive sleep apnoea. This was checked by estimating the Apnoea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) Score in subjects after receiving the orthodontic treatment. Mean age of the children was 12.5 years. All the subjects had been asked for consent after explaining the procedure of the study. The parents of the children provided consent for the study.

Results: In this study, 10 subjects belonged to the age group of 5-8 years. 33 subjects belonged to the age group of 9-12 years and 7 subjects belonged to the age group of 13-16 years. There were 39 boys and 11 girls in this study. Before treatment, zero AHI score was not seen in any patient but after treatment, 0 score was seen in 34 children. Mild apnoea was seen in 11 cases before treatment. The count shifted to 7 after treatment. 26 cases showed moderate degree of OSA before treatment, and after treatment, 5 cases showed moderate OSA. Among 13 cases, severe OS was seen. After treatment, only 4 cases showed severe OSA.

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that orthodontic treatment is effective among children suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea and breathing disorders.

Comparison of Success Rate of Fixed Partial Denture and Root Canal Treatment for the Management of Grossly Carious Teeth

2025-04-21T11:47:46+00:00

Background: This study was conducted to compare the success rate of fixed partial denture and root canal treatment for the management of grossly carious teeth.

Material and methods: This study comprised of 100 participants with grossly carious teeth. All the subjects had been informed about the procedure and were asked for consent. All the subjects gave consent for the study and had been included in the trial. The purpose of this study was to compare the success rates of fixed partial denture and root canal treatment for the management of grossly carious teeth. Hence, the subjects had been divided into 2 groups of 50 subjects each. Group 1 consisted of subjects who were planned for fixed partial denture and the 2ng group comprised of 50 subjects who underwent root canal treatment for the management of grossly carious teeth. The findings had been tabulated and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software.

Results: In this study, there were 50 subjects in group 1 (FPD) and 50 subjects in Group 2 (RCT). When performed RCT, infection was seen in 3 cases, Pain was seen in 2 cases and tooth fracture occurred in 1 case. Total complications were 6/50 (12%). Hence the success rate of RCT was found to be 88%. When given FPD, the complications included denture stomatitis (4/50), debonding and loss of retention (1/50 each) and caries on abutment teeth (2/50). Total complications were 8 (16%). Hence, the success rate of FPD was 84%.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that root canal treatment offers better success rate than fixed partial denture for the management of grossly carious teeth

Rare case of dilated cardiomyopathy in case of severe vitamin D deficiency

2025-04-21T11:55:46+00:00

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in infants is a rare but potentially reversible condition when caused by hypocalcemia, most often secondary to vitamin D deficiency. This case report presents a 40-day-old exclusively breastfed female infant who developed non resolving cough and was found to have DCM with significantly decreased left ventricular function. Biochemical investigations revealed low levels of vitamin D and calcium, while parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels remained normal. A similar vitamin D deficiency was identified in the mother. Upon administration of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, the infant’s cardiac function improved markedly within a week, with full recovery confirmed by echocardiography at three months. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and treatment of hypocalcemia-induced cardiomyopathy, especially in infants born to vitamin D-deficient mothers. Proactive maternal and infant vitamin D supplementation could prevent such life-threatening manifestations.

Antimicrobial Stewardship: An Evidence Based Based Approach

2025-04-21T12:05:19+00:00

Introduction: The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to public health, prompting the need for systematic approaches to optimize antibiotic use. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) aim to enhance patient outcomes, reduce microbial resistance, and lower unnecessary healthcare costs by promoting appropriate antimicrobial usage.

Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and observational study was conducted across tertiary-care hospitals between January 2024 and December 2024. Data collection included antimicrobial prescriptions, resistance patterns, intervention outcomes, and adherence to ASP guidelines. Inclusion criteria were adult inpatients receiving antimicrobials; exclusion criteria included immunocompromised individuals and pediatric cases.

Results: There was a significant reduction in broad-spectrum antibiotic use, especially Meropenem from 36% to 20.7% and Piperacillin-tazobactam from 45.3% to 28%. There was a statistically significant decline in total antibiotic consumption, especially Carbapenems: −41.9%, Broad-spectrum β-lactams: −38.1% and Glycopeptides: −25%. Pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli showed reduced resistance to meropenem post-ASP implementation K. pneumoniae: from 42% to 28.7% and E. coli: from 30% to 21.3%.

Conclusion: Antimicrobial stewardship significantly improves antimicrobial use, reduces resistance, and optimizes clinical outcomes. Structured ASPs are essential in combating AMR and improving healthcare quality.

Morphological and Physiological Characterisation of Bacterial Isolates for the Degradation of Malathion

2025-04-21T12:11:15+00:00

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine builds up at post-synapsis locations and causes neuronal death as a result of malathion's irreversible inactivation of acetylcholine esterase at multiple locations. The gastrointestinal tract, the mucous membranes of the skin, and the lungs are among the many pathways through which malathion is absorbed. The current study examined the morphological and physiological characteristics of bacterial isolates for Malathion degradation.

Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC Method for the Quantification of Isolongifolene in Chitosan-Based Nanoparticle Formulation

2025-04-21T12:17:34+00:00

This study presents the development and validation of a robust and precise reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the quantification of Isolongifolene in chitosan-based nanoparticle formulations. The method was optimized and thoroughly validated in accordance with ICH Q2(R1) guidelines, focusing on specificity, precision, accuracy, linearity, and robustness. Specificity tests demonstrated no interference from matrix components, ensuring reliable quantification of Isolongifolene. The precision was validated by analyzing six replicates of the same batch, yielding a %RSD of less than 2%. The method showed excellent linearity over a concentration range of 50% to 150% of the intended strength, with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.998. Accuracy was confirmed through recovery studies, with mean recovery rates between 98.5% and 101.7%. Robustness testing revealed that slight variations in chromatographic conditions, including column temperature, mobile phase composition, and detection wavelength, had minimal effect on the method's performance, further confirming its stability. The method's system suitability parameters, including retention time, asymmetry factor, and theoretical plates, adhered to regulatory criteria, making it suitable for routine analysis of Isolongifolene in pharmaceutical formulations.

Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis Through Predictive Analytics and Feature Selection Techniques

2025-04-21T13:12:00+00:00

Goal 3.2 of the Sustainable Development Agenda aims to reduce the infant death rate by the year 2030. The leading causes of mortality in neonates are preterm and birth asphyxia, followed by neonatal infections. It is more probable for new-borns to get late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) from their surroundings than from their mothers. This kind of sepsis often manifests between 3 and 28 days of age. A difficult aspect of early LOS diagnosis is the lack of obvious clinical signs during the early stages of infection. Predicting LOS before obvious clinical signs is possible using physiological factors, according to studies. These metrics may be used as warning indications by clinicians to keep a careful eye on infants and act quickly to avoid problems and provide them good treatment.This research examines several machine learning algorithms that can forecast when new-born sepsis will start by analysing the MIMIC III dataset, which includes vital signs, laboratory results, and observations taken during the first 24 hours of arrival. Out of all the algorithms tested using 10-fold stratified cross-validation, the ones with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values were adaptive boosting (0.9248), light gradient boosting (0.9245), and random forest with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (0.9238). With an AUROC of 0.9266, an accuracy of 0.8553, F1 score of 0.7829, and Matthew’s correlation score of 0.6995, the soft voting classifier trained on an ensemble of the most effective three models identified the beginning of newborn sepsis.

Nutrition and Lifestyle Interventions in the Management of COPD: A Comparative Review in Indian and European Health Care

2025-04-21T13:17:46+00:00

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a debilitating respiratory disorder marked by persistent airflow limitation and chronic airway inflammation. Responsible for over 3.2 million deaths annually, COPD ranks as the third leading cause of mortality globally, with a disproportionately high impact on low- and middle-income countries such as India. While pharmacological management remains a cornerstone of treatment, non-pharmacological strategies—particularly those involving nutrition and lifestyle modifications—are increasingly recognized for their role in improving clinical outcomes and quality of life.

This review critically examines and compares the implementation and effectiveness of nutrition and lifestyle-based interventions in the management of COPD within Indian and European healthcare systems. In European contexts, structured pulmonary rehabilitation programs, routine nutritional assessments, and integrated behavioral support services are well-established. Conversely, India faces systemic challenges, including socioeconomic disparities, infrastructural limitations, and a lack of culturally standardized care models. However, India also presents unique opportunities through the integration of traditional practices such as yoga, community-led healthcare delivery, and diverse regional diets.

By identifying both region-specific barriers and successful strategies, this review underscores the urgent need to incorporate culturally sensitive, multidisciplinary, and policy-supported non-pharmacological interventions into mainstream COPD care. Strengthening such integrative approaches holds the potential to bridge healthcare gaps, enhance patient well-being, and reduce the global burden of COPD.

Integrating Clinical Markers and Machine Learning for Accurate Prediction of Neonatal Sepsis

2025-04-21T13:22:01+00:00

Background: clinically suspected sepsis is a common occurrence in preterm and severely unwell newborns during their extended stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This might be the first indicator of further negative outcomes. Consequently, our objective was to use data-driven learning techniques to forecast newborn in-hospital mortality using machine learning methods. The methodology included enrolling 1095 newborns who were admitted to a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Taiwan from 2017 to 2020 for clinical suspicion of sepsis. Clinical symptoms, laboratory criteria, and the use of empiric antibiotics by doctors were used to define sepsis when it was clinically suspected. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and medicines were the variables used for analysis. Incorporating machine learning techniques, we employed DNN, k-nearest neighbours, support vector machine, random forest, and extreme gradient boost. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to determine how well these models performed. Findings: 8.2% (90 newborns) died as a result of complications while in the hospital. The training set consisted of 765 patients (or 69.8% of the total) while the test set included 330 patients (or 30.2% of the total). Among the models that were evaluated for their ability to predict the outcome, DNN stood out with the highest area under the curve (0.923, 95% CI 0.953-0.893), the best accuracy (95.64%, 95% CI 96.76-94.52%), and the best values for Cohen's kappa (0.74, 95% CI 0.79-0.69) and Matthews correlation (0.75, 95% CI 0.80-0.70). Ventilator support needs upon suspicion of sepsis, feeding circumstances, and intravascular volume expansion were the three most important factors in the DNN significance matrix plot. Neither the training nor the test sets showed any significant difference in the model's performance. Clinicians may benefit from the machine learning algorithm's insights and improved advance communication with families after establishing the DNN model to forecast in-hospital mortality in newborns with clinically indicated sepsis.

Performance of Polymer Modified Fibre Reinforced High Strength Concrete

2025-04-21T13:28:45+00:00

The report outlines the findings of an experimental study on the properties of polymer-modified steel fiber-reinforced concrete. The investigation encompasses compressive, flexural, and shear strength, employing styrene-butadiene rubber latex as the polymer. The fiber volume ranges from 1% to 10% at 1% intervals by weight of cement, while the polymer content varies at 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement. The water within the polymer is considered part of the total water content. The research delves into the impact of polymer and fibers on the workability and wet density of fresh concrete. Additionally, the influence of dry curing on various strengths of fiber-reinforced concrete is explored. Various physical properties, including dry density, crack width, are also investigated. The workability of fiber-reinforced concrete diminishes with increasing fiber content, while enhancements in strengths are observed compared to normal concrete. In essence, the study evaluates the performance of polymer-modified fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete..

Evaluation Of Bioactive Hydrogels For The Treatment Of Infected Wounds: Clinical And In Vitro Studies

2025-04-21T13:34:43+00:00

Infected wounds require materials that prevent infection while promoting healing. This study evaluates bioactive hydrogels made from chitosan and carbopol 934, incorporating antimicrobial agents for wound treatment. The hydrogels were analysed for pH, water absorption, spreadability, and drug release. Chitosan-based formulations exhibited a pH range of 4.3–6.8 and better spreadability, making them suitable for wound healing.

Antimicrobial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hydrogels with higher bioactive agent concentrations, particularly those with ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and erythromycin, showed stronger antibacterial effects than carbopol-based formulations. Drug release followed a sustained Fickian diffusion pattern.

In an in vivo murine wound model, the most effective hydrogel accelerated bacterial clearance and tissue regeneration compared to commercial dressings. Histopathological analysis confirmed faster epithelialisation, reduced inflammation, and increased neovascularisation.

Chitosan-based bioactive hydrogels show promise as an alternative for infected wound treatment, combining antimicrobial action with enhanced healing properties. Further optimisation and clinical validation are needed to support their medical application.

An Analytical and Experimental Investigation of GFRP Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams

2025-04-21T13:40:32+00:00

Today's civil construction sector faces a major challenge in the form of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, which significantly reduces the structures' lifespan. Numerous approaches have been investigated to overcome this problem, and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials have emerged as a viable substitute because of their low weight-to-strength ratio and anti-corrosive qualities. The flexural and shear behavior of FRP reinforced thin concrete beams has been extensively studied, whereas deep reinforced concrete (RC) beams reinforced with FRP rebars have received less attention. The purpose of this study is to examine how deep beams reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) web reinforcement behave under shear. Since commercially produced FRP reinforcements that suited the necessary standards were not readily available, GFRP reinforcement bars and stirrups were made utilizing a process known as "Manual Fiber-Trusion". Tensile strength can be increased by using this technique to fabricate GFRP reinforcement in the required sizes and shapes with a certain fiber volume and resin content. In contrast to flexural failure, shear failure is more likely to occur in deep beams, which are defined by a depth equal to their span. Thirteen concrete deep beams with various GFRP web reinforcement designs were examined, with certain parameters held constant, including the "shear span to depth" ratio and the percentage of web reinforcement. The findings of two series of experiments show that deep beams reinforced with GFRP web reinforcement have a much higher ultimate shear load carrying capacity than those without. Analytical "Strut-and Tie" models were also used for comparison, and the results were marginally better than the experimental ones. Based on these findings, recommendations were made to amend the ACI 318-08 code to allow for GFRP-reinforced concrete deep beams with reduced shear span to depth ratios. In the end, a design equation that predicted the shear bearing capacity of deep beams reinforced with GFRP web produced results that were satisfactory. For such beams with small shear span to depth ratios, this equation provides a useful tool for estimating shear load capacity..