Prevalence Of Insulin Resistance In Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of pancreas. It  plays a major role  in  the regulation of blood sugar level  . Insulin promotes glycogenesis and inhibits glycogenolysis and lipolysis. This dysregulation of insulin hormone function can lead to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance  is  a condition  in which the cells fail  to respond  to  insulin  resulting in impaired glucose uptake  and  hyperglycemia . Insulin resistance is of great significance nowadays , as it causes obesity , hypertension , dyslipidemia  and  cardiovascular  diseases. The aim of  the study is to estimate the prevalence of  insulin resistance  in  the type 2 diabetes  mellitus patients. And a cross sectional   study  was conducted among them. And   insulin resistance   is calculated by  globally accepted  standard  HOMA –IR  method.  After  8  hours  of  fasting  , type- 2 diabetes  mellitus  patients  were  subjected  to  fasting   plasma  insulin and  fasting  plasma  blood  glucose   tests .

HOMA- IR  is homeostasis model  assessment  for  insulin  resistance HOMA IR-  (Fasting  plasma  insulin x fasting  blood  glucose) /  405 When the insulin  resistance was  calculated  among  the  type - 2   diabetes mellitus  patients by OMA – IR method, it  was  found  to  be  high  (insulin resistance  ->1.9  to  2.9) .Where as  in other  individuals,   insulin resistance  was  found to  be normal  (IR - < 1.4 . From the study , insulin resistance  was found to be 65%  among the diabetics  and 35 %  among  the non- diabetics respectively . If the insulin resistance was detected at an earlier stage among the diabetics, complications like metabolic syndrome can be avoided. Patients can be given treatment accordingly. Thus morbidity and mortality  among  the  diabetics  will become less.