Rheumatoid Arthritis: A review of current treatment option
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.3197Keywords:
Rheumatoid Arthritis, medications, therapy, cell therapies, decision-makingAbstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects mostly the joints. It causes swelling, pain, stiffness in joints. Recently, disease modifying drugs and the new classes of medications has improved the outcomes that can satisfy most patients. The main aim of the therapy or treatment is achieving the lowest possible levels of arthritis disease activity and remission thereby reducing joint damage, and enhancing physical function and quality of life. The present scenario of treatment requires a comprehensive program which combines medical, social, and emotional support for the patient. There are several classes of drugs used in treatment of RA with some side-effects from which Disease Modifying Anti- Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD’s) have shown to alter the disease cause and have an improved radiographic outcomes. Emerging trends in RA treatment, includes mesenchymal stem cell therapies and biosimilar drugs. This comprehensive review aims to provide healthcare professionals and patients with a solid understanding of the current treatment options for RA, making possible of the informed decision-making and good management of the disease.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Firestein, G. S. (2018). Rheumatoid arthritis: a review of the disease and its treatment. Journal of Autoimmune Diseases, 19(2), 1-13.
McInnes, I. B., et al. (2019). Rheumatoid arthritis: new therapeutic strategies. The Lancet, 393(10171), 484-494.
Smolen, J. S., et al. (2017). EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 76(6), 960-977.
Singh, J. A., et al. (2016). 2016 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatology, 68(1), 1-26.
Smolen, J. S., et al. (2017). EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 76(6), 960-977.
Burmester, G. R., et al. (2019). Targeting cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 15(10), 555-566.
Long H, Liu Q, Yin H, Diao N, Zhang Y, Lin J et al. Prevalence trends of site-specific osteoarthritis from 1990 to 2019: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2019. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74(7): 1172-83.
R. Handa, Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Natl Med J India 2004; 17 (3): 143-51
9. Jennifer N C. Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A review of Recommendations and Emerging Therapy. Formulary J 2011; 46: 532-45
www. Mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20014868( 8 Jan 2016)
www.medicinenet.com/rheumatoidarthritis early symptoms /article. htm (9 Jan 2016)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/osteoarthritis#pathophysiology. (9 Jan 2016)
Keith S MD. Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician 2012; 85(1): 49-56.
Myasoedova, E.; Davis, J.; Matteson, E.L.; Crowson, C.S. Is the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis changing? Results from a population-based incidence study, 1985–2014. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2020, 79, 440–444. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Roberts-Thomson, P.J.; Jones, M.E.; Walker, J.G.; Macfarlane, J.G.; Smith, M.D.; Ahern, M.J. Stochastic processes in the causation of rheumatic disease. J. Rheumatol. 2002, 29, 2628–2634. [Google Scholar]
Perrot, L.; Hemon, M.; Busnel, J.-M.; Muis-Pistor, O.; Picard, C.; Zandotti, C.; Pham, T.; Roudier, J.; Desplat-Jego, S.; Balandraud, N. First flare of ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021, 3, 6–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Elemam, N.M.; Maghazachi, A.A.; Hannawi, S. COVID-19 infection and rheumatoid arthritis: Mutual outburst cytokines and remedies. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2021, 37, 1–10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Favalli, E.G.; Maioli, G.; Biggioggero, M.; Caporali, R. Clinical management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 2021, 17, 561–571. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
U.S. National Library of Medicine. A Study of Baricitinib in Participants with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA-BRANCH). Available online: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04086745 (accessed on 15 October 2021).
U.S. National Library of Medicine. A Study of Baricitinib (LY3009104) in Participants with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA-BRIDGE). Available online: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03915964 (accessed on 15 October 2021)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
