Study Of Serum Magnesium Level And Their Correlation With Glycemic Control In Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) - A Cross Sectional Analysis

Authors

  • Lakshmisha. B. R
  • Vidyasagar. C. R
  • Manjunatha. N

Keywords:

Type 2 diabeties mellitus, diabetic control, SERUM magnesium

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, which can lead to long-term damage, dysfunction, and end organ damage including the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves, and eyes. T2DM is also associated with several electrolyte imbalances, particularly involving magnesium. In critically ill diabetic patients, low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia) have been linked to increased mortality rates. However, further research is needed to better understand the relationship between magnesium levels and T2DM. This study aims to examine magnesium deficiency in T2DM patients and its effects on glycemic control.

Materials And Methods:  Cross-sectional observational study

  • Study period: 3 months
  • Sample size: 60
  • Study area: R. L. Jalappa Hospital
  • Study population: Patients with type 2 DM, serum creatinine ⩽2 mg/dL and without microalbuminuria 
  • Patients were categorized into 3groups viz Group A(T2DM<5 year duration), Group B (T2DM of 5-9 year duration), and Group C(T2DM >10 year duration of disease).

Correlation analysis of Hypomagnesaemia with good glycemic control (HbA1C <7), and poorglycemic control (HbA1C >7) were done.

Results: Magnesium deficiency [Hypomagnesaemia] was found 44% in T2DM cases with mean serum Mg 1.14±0.162 mg/dl with poor glycemic control of HbA1c of9.6%.. Serum Mg level in diabetics of HbA1c 7% was 1.382 ± 0.42170209 mg/dl. Mg in poor glycaemic group showed negative correlation with HbA1c (r=-0.3244, p=0.0012). Mg shows negative correlation with FBS in poor glycaemic group (r= 0.3365, p=0.0152). Mg in good glycaemic control group (HbA1c < 7%)shows negative correlation with HbA1c (r=-0.2522, p<0.05). Hypomagnesaemia cases were significantly older aged (57.884±6.595years) and had higher HbA1C (9.5636±2.753%) .

Conclusion: Study results shows that Mg levels are decreased in T2DM and negative correlation of Mg with glycaemic control conveys that Mg may serve as a prognostic factor in T2DM. Patients with hypomagnesaemia were noted to have poorer glycaemic control and a longer mean duration of diabetes. Impaired magnesium metabolism may have a contributory role in the progression of diabetes and later development of secondary complications

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References

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Published

2025-04-23

How to Cite

1.
B. R L, C. R V, Manjunatha. N MN. Study Of Serum Magnesium Level And Their Correlation With Glycemic Control In Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) - A Cross Sectional Analysis. J Neonatal Surg [Internet]. 2025Apr.23 [cited 2025Oct.31];14(15S):2187-91. Available from: https://www.jneonatalsurg.com/index.php/jns/article/view/4484

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 15S (2025): Journal of Neonatal Surgery

Section

Original Article

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