Describe the various aspects of climate change, including temperature fluctuations, changes in precipitation patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events
Keywords:
Climate change, global warming, extreme weather, temperature rise, precipitation shiftsAbstract
Climate change is a very concerning global issue that involves considerable changes in the climate system of Earth, most of which are caused by human activities like fossil fuel combustion and deforestation. Rising global temperatures if anything, amounting to roughly 1.2°C higher by the pre-industrial era, along with heat waves, glacial melt, and sea level rise are the key manifestations. The patterns of precipitation are also skewed—the rainfall is intensified in one region while others endure lengthy drought and the agriculture and water resources are impacted. In addition, the frequency and severity of extreme weather events like hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and droughts have escalated, and that has caused wide damage to ecological, economic, and social areas. The threat of these changes to food security, biodiversity, human settlements, notably in vulnerable areas, is high. Combating these impacts requires mitigation strategies of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adopting renewable energy, and adaptive measures of resilient infrastructure. We need to understand the manifold nature of climate change, so that policymakers, scientists and the local communities develop effective ways and ways to combat the change and protect future generations
Downloads
Metrics
References
S. Huang, H. Li, and X. Liu, “Impacts of temperature variability on global biodiversity,” Global Ecology and Conservation, vol. 22, 2020.
T. Mora et al., “Projected increases in temperature-related mortality under climate change scenarios,” Lancet Planetary Health, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. e386–e396, 2021.
R. Spencer, “Climate-induced temperature extremes and their implications for public health,” Environmental Research, vol. 191, 2020.
M. Diffenbaugh et al., “The amplification of temperature variability with global warming,” Nature Climate Change, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 437–441, 2017.
P. Ward et al., “Drought and heat-related health outcomes in urban areas,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 742, 2020.
G. Armstrong and J. Kent, “Heatwaves, cold spells, and cardiovascular mortality,” Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 128, no. 7, 2020.
L. Cheng et al., “Record-setting ocean warming and its biological consequences,” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, vol. 37, pp. 1253–1259, 2020.
J. Wu, “Climate variability and human health: an assessment framework,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 3, 2020.
K. Hatfield et al., “Biodiversity responses to climate-driven temperature fluctuations,” Ecology Letters, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 65–74, 2020.
N. Watts et al., “The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change,” Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10269, pp. 129–170, 2021.
A. Vicedo-Cabrera et al., “Temperature-related mortality impacts under and beyond Paris Agreement climate change scenarios,” Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 127, no. 4, 2019.
[C. Xu et al., “Future climate impacts on mortality in major cities,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 15, no. 6, 2020.
M. Masson-Delmotte et al., “Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis,” IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, 2021.
D. Shindell et al., “Quantified, localized health benefits of accelerated carbon dioxide emissions reductions,” Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 291–295, 2018.
S. Akbari and S. Matthews, “Urban heat islands and health vulnerabilities in a warming climate,” Environmental Research, vol. 191, 2020.
C. Rosenzweig et al., “Climate change and cities: Second assessment report,” Urban Climate, vol. 34, 2020.
J. Schmeltz and M. Gamble, “Climate change and human health: A comprehensive review,” Current Environmental Health Reports, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 460–472, 2018.
F. Pendergrass et al., “Climate variability, extremes, and change in precipitation,” Current Climate Change Reports, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 371–381, 2018.
E. Kodra and A. Ganguly, “Tracking changes in climate extremes,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 13, no. 4, 2018.
B. Ebi and T. Semenza, “Community-based adaptation to the health impacts of climate change,” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 108, no. S2, pp. S125–S127, 2018.
R. McDermid et al., “Climate change adaptation strategies for public health systems,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 17, 2020.
L. Smith et al., “Temperature and precipitation extremes affect ecosystem services,” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 454–460, 2020.
S. B. Patz and J. Olson, “Climate and infectious disease dynamics under temperature variability,” Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 127, no. 6, 2019.
Y. Zhang et al., “The association between extreme temperatures and mortality: A multi-country study,” Lancet Planetary Health, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. e415–e425, 2021.
H. W. Kim and J. Park, “Effects of temperature variability on natural ecosystems: A systematic review,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 752, 2021
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
