Echocardiographic Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Patients with Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Right ventricular myocardial infarction, Inferior wall myocardial infarction, Echocardiography, Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, right ventricular myocardial performance indexAbstract
Background: Patients experiencing an acute inferior wall infarction frequently exhibit dysfunction of the right ventricle (RV), with many cases resulting from occlusion of either the right or left circumflex coronary artery. However, routine assessments of RV function are often overlooked in echocardiographic examinations. Following an inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI), there is a risk that patients may subsequently develop right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI). RV dysfunction after a myocardial infarction is associated with an increased risk of shock, arrhythmias, and mortality. As such, the involvement of the RV is a critical factor that influences both prognosis and treatment strategies for patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction. This study aims to evaluate the role of echocardiography in assessing RV function in cases of IWMI.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 45 patients, including both males and females. Our study population did not have an age limit and consisted of individuals experiencing their first Q-wave acute inferior myocardial infarction, with or without right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI). An echocardiographic examination of right ventricular function was conducted within 24 hours of symptom onset.
Result: During the study, 45 patients were evaluated and underwent a comprehensive Echo-Doppler examination. Among these patients, 28 were diagnosed with right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI), forming Group 1. The remaining 17 patients experienced an inferior wall myocardial infarction without right ventricular involvement, comprising Group 2.
Conclusion: Conventional echocardiographic examinations tend to underestimate right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Therefore, impaired RV function in patients presenting with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) can be effectively predicted through various echocardiographic parameters, including fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular systolic velocity (RV S’), and right ventricular myocardial
performance index (RVMPI)..
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