Impact of Epigenetic Modifications on Developmental Success in Cloned Buffalo Embryos
Keywords:
Epigenetics, Buffalo Cloning, DNA Methylation, Histone Modification, Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT), Developmental SuccessAbstract
Cloning through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been a hopeful method of cloning superior buffaloes, but its effectiveness is still very low due to the failure of epigenetic reprogramming. Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA regulation are significant factors in the correct activation and expression of genes responsible for embryonic development. In cloned embryos, aberrant epigenetic reprogramming frequently leads to developmental arrest, failure of implantation, and abnormalities decreasing overall viability.
This article discusses the complex role of epigenetic alterations in guiding the developmental competency of cloned buffalo embryos. In particular, it emphasizes the problem presented by aberrant patterns of DNA methylation, dysregulated histone modifications, and dysregulation of non-coding RNA. In addition, it presents novel developments in epigenetic remedies to enhance cloning efficiency through the utilization of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and RNA interference methods to better reprogram the nucleus.
Through the examination of existing research and developments in epigenetic modification, this work offers an overview of how its optimization may bring about increased rates of survival and overall efficiency in buffalo cloning. Future research implies that CRISPR-mediated epigenetic editing, single-cell epigenomic analysis, and targeted transcriptome analysis may open up new lines of research towards overcoming existing technical limitations in SCNT technology. The results of this research emphasize the need to incorporate epigenetic interventions to further develop cloning methods and maximize genetically valuable buffalo populations.
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Zhang, Y., Ma, H., & Zhang, Z. (2016). "CRISPR-based genome and epigenome editing for improving SCNT efficiency." Cellular Reprogramming, 18(2), 111-120.
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Singh, M., Palta, P., & Manik, R. S. (2021). "Advances in buffalo cloning and epigenetic reprogramming." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 91(6), 492-500.
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