Evaluating The Link Between Body Mass Index, Oral Hygiene And Periodontal Disease
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Menopause, Mental health, Hormonal fluctuations, Mood disorders, Anxiety, DepressionAbstract
Background: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between obesity and periodontitis.
Material and methods: The study involved a population of 100 participants, all of whom were dentate individuals aged 20 years and older. It included obese patients, both with and without diabetes, hypertension, and osteoarthritis. However, individuals who had undergone periodontal treatment or taken antibiotics within the three months preceding the study were excluded. Additionally, patients with physical or mental disabilities, as well as pregnant or lactating women, were not considered for participation. All potential subjects were informed about the study's purpose and design, and only those who provided informed consent were included. Participants underwent screening to assess their periodontal health, with each individual examined by a single examiner in a dental chair under adequate lighting. Observations were documented on a standardized form. Demographic variables such as age and sex, which could influence periodontal disease, were recorded. A thorough intraoral examination was conducted, and oral hygiene was evaluated using the simplified oral hygiene index. The periodontal status of each participant was assessed by measuring the depth of periodontal pockets. Additionally, the height and weight of each participant were recorded to calculate the body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) measurements were also taken.
Results: There were 100 controls in group 1 and 100 subjects having periodontal disease in group 2. Good prognosis was seen in 56 subjects without the disease and fair prognosis was seen in 44 subjects without periodontal disease. Among subjects having the disease, good prognosis was seen in 25 cases, fair prognosis was seen in 31 cases and poor prognosis was seen in 44 cases. 15 healthy subjects were obese and 85 healthy subjects were non-obese. 58 subjects with periodontal disease were found to be obese and 42 subjects with periodontal disease were found to be non-obese.
Conclusion: From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the subjects with periodontal disease were obese and had poor oral hygiene, while the subjects without the disease had good oral hygiene and they were not obese.
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