Acute Coronary Syndrome A Review
Keywords:
MI, UN-AN, PQ, TB, ACS, CAAbstract
According to studies, ACS is a set of conditions marked by a sudden decrease in BF to the heart, which may result in MI /UN-AN. These conditions are mostly attributable to obstructions in the CA, which may result from ruptured PQ/ TB. Therefore in our review we have discussed about its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, pretreatment and treatment aspect for its better understanding....
Downloads
References
Fuster V, Kovacic JC. Acute coronary syndromes: pathology, diagnosis, genetics, prevention, and treatment. Circulation research. 2014 Jun 6;114(12):1847-51.
Gach O, El HZ, Lancellotti P. Acute coronary syndrome. Revue medicale de Liege. 2018 May 1;73(5-6):243-50.
Makki N, Brennan TM, Girotra S. Acute coronary syndrome. Journal of intensive care medicine. 2015 May;30(4):186-200.
Achar SA, Kundu S, Norcross WA. Diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. American family physician. 2005 Jul 1;72(01):119-26.
Braunwald E, Morrow DA. Unstable angina: is it time for a requiem?. Circulation. 2013 Jun 18;127(24):2452-7.
Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Chaitman BR, Bax JJ, Morrow DA, White HD; Executive Group on behalf of the Joint European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/World Heart Federation (WHF) Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018). Glob Heart. 2018 Dec;13(4):305-338.
Singh A, Museedi AS, Grossman SA. Acute Coronary Syndrome.[Updated 2023 Jul 10]. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2022.
Khurshid F, Farooq Z, Ayesha UA, Chaudhry S, Malik K. A Comprehensive Review of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Annals of Innovation in Medicine. 2023 Sep 22;1(2).
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 James, Spencer L et al.The Lancet, Volume 392, Issue 10159, 1789 – 1858.
GBD 2019 Mental Disorders Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Feb 1;9(2):137-50.
Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MS. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2022 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Feb 22;145(8):e153-639.
Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Cheng S, Delling FN, Elkind MS. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2021 update. Circulation. 2021 Feb 23.
Bueno H, Rossello X, Pocock SJ, Van de Werf F, Chin CT, Danchin N, Lee SW, Medina J, Huo Y. In-hospital coronary revascularization rates and post-discharge mortality risk in non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019 Sep 17;74(11):1454-61.
Chandrashekhar Y, Alexander T, Mullasari A, Kumbhani DJ, Alam S, Alexanderson E, Bachani D, Wilhelmus Badenhorst JC, Baliga R, Bax JJ, Bhatt DL. Resource and infrastructure-appropriate management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in low-and middle-income countries. Circulation. 2020 Jun 16;141(24):2004-25.
Dagenais GR, Leong DP, Rangarajan S, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Gupta R, Diaz R, Avezum A, Oliveira GB, Wielgosz A, Parambath SR. Variations in common diseases, hospital admissions, and deaths in middle-aged adults in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020 Mar 7;395(10226):785-94.
Omer MA, Tyler JM, Henry TD, Garberich R, Sharkey SW, Schmidt CW, Henry JT, Eckman P, Megaly M, Brilakis ES, Chavez I. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. Cardiovascular Interventions. 2020 May 25;13(10):1211-9.
Yuan D, Chu J, Qian J, Lin H, Zhu G, Chen F, Liu X. New concepts on the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2023 Apr 17;24(4):112.
Singh A, Museedi AS, Grossman SA. Acute Coronary Syndrome.[Updated 2023 Jul 10]. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2022.
Davies MJ. Stability and instability: two faces of coronary atherosclerosis: the Paul Dudley White Lecture 1995. Circulation. 1996 Oct 15;94(8):2013-20.
Davies MJ. The pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. Heart. 2000 Mar 1;83(3):361-6.
Adnan G, Singh DP, Mahajan K. Coronary artery thrombus.2018
Khurshid F, Farooq Z, Ayesha UA, Chaudhry S, Malik K. A Comprehensive Review of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Annals of Innovation in Medicine. 2023 Sep 22;1(2).
Bergmark BA, Mathenge N, Merlini PA, Lawrence-Wright MB, Giugliano RP. Acute coronary syndromes. The Lancet. 2022 Apr 2;399(10332):1347-58.
Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Chaitman BR, Bax JJ, Morrow DA, White HD, Executive Group on behalf of the Joint European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/World Heart Federation (WHF) Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Circulation. 2018 Nov 13;138(20):e618-51.
Killip III T, Kimball JT. Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit: a two year experience with 250 patients. The American journal of cardiology. 1967 Oct 1;20(4):457-64.
Zeymer U, Bueno H, Granger CB, Hochman J, Huber K, Lettino M, Price S, Schiele F, Tubaro M, Vranckx P, Zahger D. Acute Cardiovascular Care Association position statement for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A document of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association of the European Society of Cardiology. European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2020 Mar 1;9(2):183-97.
Morrow DA. The fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction and the emerging importance of myocardial injury. Circulation. 2020 Jan 21;141(3):172-5.
Collet JP, Thiele H, Barbato E, Barthélémy O, Bauersachs J, Bhatt DL, Dendale P, Dorobantu M, Edvardsen T, Folliguet T, Gale CP. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European heart journal. 2021 Apr 7;42(14):1289-367.
Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan J, Barbato E, Berry C, Chieffo A, Claeys MJ, Dan GA, Dweck MR, Galbraith M, Gilard M. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes: developed by the task force on the management of acute coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2024 Jan;13(1):55-161.
Collet JP, Thiele H, Barbato E, Barthélémy O, Bauersachs J, Bhatt DL, Dendale P, Dorobantu M, Edvardsen T, Folliguet T, Gale CP. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European heart journal. 2021 Apr 7;42(14):1289-367.
Hahn JY, Song YB, Oh JH, Cho DK, Lee JB, Doh JH, Kim SH, Jeong JO, Bae JH, Kim BO, Cho JH. 6-month versus 12-month or longer dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome (SMART-DATE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial. The Lancet. 2018 Mar 31;391(10127):1274-84.
Gragnano F, Mehran R, Branca M, Franzone A, Baber U, Jang Y, Kimura T, Hahn JY, Zhao Q, Windecker S, Gibson CM. P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy or dual antiplatelet therapy after complex percutaneous coronary interventions. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2023 Feb 14;81(6):537-52.
Watanabe H, Morimoto T, Natsuaki M, Yamamoto K, Obayashi Y, Ogita M, Suwa S, Isawa T, Domei T, Yamaji K, Tatsushima S. Comparison of clopidogrel monotherapy after 1 to 2 months of dual antiplatelet therapy with 12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome: the STOPDAPT-2 ACS randomized clinical trial. JAMA cardiology. 2022 Apr 1;7(4):407-17.
Castellano JM, Pocock SJ, Bhatt DL, Quesada AJ, Owen R, Fernandez-Ortiz A, Sanchez PL, Marin Ortuño F, Vazquez Rodriguez JM, Domingo-Fernández A, Lozano I. Polypill strategy in secondary cardiovascular prevention. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022 Sep 15;387(11):967-77...
.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
