Formulation And Evaluation Of Topical Nanogel Of Bacitracin Loaded Nanosponges
Keywords:
Nanosponges, Bacitracin, Nanogel, Encapsulation, Anti-bacterialAbstract
Battling localized bacterial infections requires advanced drug delivery. This research introduces a Nanosponges-based nanogel designed for controlled bacitracin release, targeting gram-positive pathogens. Motivated by the need for enhanced therapy and reduced dosing, this novel system aims to revolutionize localized antibiotic treatment. Nanosponges, encapsulating bacitracin, were created using emulsion solvent diffusion method, optimized via 3² factorial design. These were incorporated into a nanogel using gelling agents. Evaluations included particle size, FTIR, in vitro release, entrapment efficiency, SEM, and XRD. Specific formulations showed promising attributes: controlled drug release, efficient entrapment, and suitable particle size. Morphological studies confirmed nanosponges formation and drug dispersion. In vitro data suggested extended release. This study establishes nanosponges nanogel as a viable platform for controlled bacitracin delivery. The sustained release offers potential for improved infection management. This research contributes valuable data to antibiotic drug delivery, paving the way for further study
Downloads
Metrics
References
Kolarsick, Paul A. J. BS; Kolarsick Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin. Journal of the Dermatology Nurses' Association
P.F. Millington & R. Wilkinson Skin - Google Books
Ruth K. Freinkel and David T. Woodley. The Biology of Skin The Biology of the Skin - Google Books
Mohammed Radhi. Bacterial skin Abscess https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340798201_Bacterial_Skin_Abscess
Sara Margarida Gomes Antunes. State-of-art on gel technologies for transdermal delivery of bacitracin
Kartik Tiwari, Sankha Bhattacharya. The ascension of Nanosponges as a drug delivery carrier: preparation, characterization, and applications. PMC
BHALEKAR ROHINI. V1, NAGOBA SHIVAPPA N2, SHAIKH NASHEER S3 & SWAMI AVINASH. B4 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NANOSPONGES HYDROGEL FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY CONTAINING GRISEOFULVIN International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJMPS) ISSN (P): 2249–6890; ISSN (E): 2249– 8001 Vol. 10, Issue 2, Apr 2020, 57–70 © TJPRC Pt.
SARFARAZ MD*, SHAIKH ZAMIRULLAH MEHBOOB, H. DODDAYYA PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUCONAZOLE TOPICAL NANOSPONGE HYDROGEL April 2024 International Journal of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical SciencesDOI:10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i4.50589 License BY 4.0
Janhavi D Borse, Ashish Y Pawar, Kanchan B Bendkule, Prajwal S Shinde Formulation and development of Tacrolimus nanosponges-loaded hydrogel for the treatment of atopic dermatitis July 2024Current Issues in
Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 37(2):96-104 DOI:10.2478/cipms-2024-0016 License BY-NC-ND 3.0
RAHUL S. SOLUNKE1, UDAY R. BORGE2*, KRISHNA MURTHY3, MADHURI T. DESHMUKH4, RAJKUMAR V. SHETE5 Formulation and evaluation of gliclazide nanosponges October 2019International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 11(6):181-189 DOI:10.22159/ijap.2019v11i6.35006 LicenseCC BY 4.0
Renuka Sharma, Roderick B. Walker and Kamla Pathak* Evaluation of the Kinetics and Mechanism of Drug Release from Econazole nitrate Nanosponge Loaded Carbapol Hydrogel January 2011 Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 45(1):25-3 Jan-Mar, 2011/ Vol 45/ Issue 1.
Burao A. Bachkar*, Laxmikant T. Gadhe, Pratik Battase, Nirmal Mahajan and Rahul Wagh, Swati talele, Dr.G.N.Chaudhari NANOSPONGES: A POTENTIAL NANOCARRIER FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY World J Pharm Res 4 (3), 751-768, 2015
Jilsha G, Viswanad V. Nanosponges loaded hydrogel of cephalexin for topical drug delivery. Int J Pharm Sci. 2015 Jul DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(7).2781-89
Jadhav KR, Popat S, Jadhav Sonawane DD. Formulation and evaluation of nanosponge based topical gel preparation of fluconazole. Int J Pharmacol Res. 2020 Oct 30;19(3):596-616.
Nasir Abbas1, Kousar Parveen2, Amjad Hussain1, Sumera Latif1, Shaiq uz Zaman2, Pervaiz Akhtar Shah1, Muhammad Ahsan1 Nanosponge-based hydrogel preparation of fluconazole for improved topical delivery
February 2019; 18 (2): 215-222 ISSN: 1596-5996 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v18i2.1
Kaur M, Nagpal M, Singh M, Singh TG, Aggarwal G, Dhingra GA. Improved antibacterial activity of topical gelbased on nanosponge carrier of cinnamon oil. Bioimpacts. 2021;11(1):23-31. Doi: 10.34172/bi.2021.04. Epub 2020 Mar 24. PMID: 33469505; PMCID: PMC7803917.
1Mihir Otia, 2Krishna Joshi, 3Nirmal Joshi, 4Chandrakanta, 5Dolly Jayesh Mukhi, 6*Deepak Chandra Joshi NANO SPONGES: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS January 2021World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10(12):2082 DOI:10.20959/wjpps202112-20824
RUDROJU ANUSHA , MOTHILAL M.* DEVELOPMENT OF NANOSPONGES-BASED TOPICAL FORMULATION FOR
THE EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF SELECTED ANTIFUNGAL DRUG September 2024International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. DOI:10.22159/ijap.2024v16i5.51466 LicenseCC BY 4.0
Akash Garg a,Wen-Cheng Lai b,Himansu Chopra a,Rutvi Agrawal a,Talever Singh a,Ramkumar Chaudhary a,Braj Nandan Dubey a Nanosponge: A promising and intriguing strategy in medical and pharmaceutical Science https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23303
Cassiana Mendes a b,Gabriela C. Meirelles a,Clarissa Germano Barp c,Jamil Assreuy c,Marcos A.S. Silva b,Gilles Ponchel a Cyclodextrin based nanosponge of norfloxacin: Intestinal permeation enhancement and improved antibacterial activity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.011
Akash Garg a, Wen-Cheng Lai b, Himansu Chopra a, Rutvi Agrawal a, , Talever Singh a, Ramkumar Chaudhary a, Braj Nandan Dubey a Nanosponge: A promising and intriguing strategy in medical and pharmaceutical Science 2023 Dec 6;10(1): e23303. Doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23303
Hadeia Mashaqbeh 1, *, Rana Obaidat 1, *, Nizar Al-Shar’i 2 Evaluation and Characterization of Curcumin-βCyclodextrin and Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponge Inclusion Complexation 2021 Nov 24;13(23):4073. Doi:10.3390/polym13234073
Rosalee Nguyen; Niloufar R. Khanna; Anthony O. Safadi; Preeti Patel; Yan Sun Bacitracin Topical In: StatPearls
[Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan.2024 Jun 8. PMID: 30725678
Wei hong1 Xiang gao1 Peng Qiu1 Jie Yang1 Mingxi Qiao2 hong shi3 Dexian Zhang1 chunlian Tian1 shengli Niu1 Mingchun liu synthesis, construction, and evaluation of selfassembled nano-bacitracin A as an efficient antibacterial agent in vitro and in vivo http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S136998.
Benjamin Durakovic. Design of experiments application, concepts, examples: State of the art December
2017 Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 5(3):421-439 DOI:10.21533/pen. v5i3.145
Kartik Tiwari 1, Sankha Bhattacharya 1 The ascension of nanosponges as a drug delivery carrier: preparation, characterization, and applications J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2022 Mar 4;33(3):28. Doi: 10.1007/s10856-02206652-9
Jacqueline K. Telford A Brief Introduction to Design of Experiments Johns hOpKins ApL TEchnicAL DigEsT, VOLumE 27, numbER 3 (2007)
TANUSHREE C1*, RAJESH VERMA2, JAYA SHARMA2, PANKAJ SHARMA2 NANOSPONGE HEALING APPROACH
FOR TREATMENT OF STREPTOCOCCAL GANGRENE May 2023Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research DOI:10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i5.46787 LicenseCC BY 4.0
Shweta Jain1*, Dr. Maya Sharma2, Prof. P. K. Chaudhury3 Development And Characterization Of Neomycin Sulfate-Encapsulated Nanosponges To Increase The Skin Penetration. (2024). African Journal of Biomedical Research, 27(3), 1369-1377 https://doi.org/10.53555/AJBR.v27i3.3989
Ankit Kumar1, Manish Pathak1* FORMULATION, EVALUATION & IN-VIVO STUDY OF TOPICAL EMUL GEL LOADED WITH SILVER SULFADIAZINE FOR WOUND HEALING doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.9.2024.3320-3366
CH.N.V. Raja*1 , G. Kiran kumar2 , Kotapati anusha2, “FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN LOADED NANOSPONGES FOR SUSTAINED RELEASE.” (2013)
Rashid Ali Khan* 1,2, Anum Saif1 , Humaira Naureen1 , Atif Sarwar2 , Muhammad Ali Shahbaz3 , Muhammad Nouman Arif4,(2022). Formulation and Evaluation of Metronidazole Loaded Nanosponges for Topical Delivery. Pharmaceutical Communications. 1. 71-87. 10.55627/pharma.001.001.0185. [for %production yield]
33. G. Jilsha and Vidya Viswanad*Nanosponge loaded hydrogel of cephalexin for topical delivery. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2015 Jul 1;6(7):2781.
1 Ehssan H. Moglad, 1 Farhat Fatima, 1 Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed, 2 Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri, 1 Md. Khalid Anwer and 1 Mohammed F. Aldawsari (2020). Development of Topical Antibacterial Gel Loaded with Cefadroxil Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: In vivo Wound Healing Activity and Epithelialization Study. International Journal of Pharmacology. 16. 298-309. 10.3923/ijp.2020.298.309.
Khalandar R Mulla*1, Vinayak K1, Omkarswamy Maradimath2, Prashanth K U2 And Megha C M2 (2019). Formulation And Evaluation Of Nanosponge Based Topical Gel Preparation Of Dapsone. 10.13140/RG.2.2.36330.26562.
1Prateema Yelekar, 2Rajesh Mujariya “DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF NANOSPONGES FOR ENHANCED THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY.” (2023).
Malkiet Kaur1 ID , Manju Nagpal1* ID , Manjinder Singh1 ID , Thakur Gurjeet Singh1 , Geeta Aggarwal2 ID , Gitika Arora Dhingra3 ID Improved antibacterial activity of topical gelbased on nanosponge carrier of cinnamon oil. BioImpacts: BI. 2020 Mar 24;11(1):23.
Y. SARAH SUJITHA, Y. INDIRA MUZIB* (2019). Formulation and optimization of quercetin loaded nanosponges topical gel: Ex vivo, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 11. 156-165. 10.22159/ijap.2019v11i5.32850.
Mousumi Kar Pillai1 *, Preeti Jain2 and Sujit Pillai3 Fabrication and evaluation of nanosponges of besifloxacin hydrochloride for ocular drug delivery. J Med Pharm Allied Sci. 2022 Mar 30;11(2):4657-60.
Sumitra Singh ,1 Sonia,1 Rakesh K. Sindhu ,2 Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh ,3Gaber El-Saber Batiha ,4 Saqer S. Alotaibi ,5 Sarah M. Albogami ,5and Carlos Adam Conte-Junior 6 “Formulation Development and Investigations on Therapeutic Potential of Nanogel from Beta vulgaris L. Extract in Testosterone-Induced Alopecia.” BioMed research international vol. 2023 1777631. 31 Jan. 2023, doi:10.1155/2023/1777631
Wael H. Mohammed(1), Widad K. Ali(1), Mohammed J Al-Awady(2) (2018). Evaluation of in vitro drug release kinetics and antibacterial activity of vancomycin HCl-loaded nanogel for topical application. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 11. 2747-2756.
Anh Quang Luong1,2 · Hien Thanh-Thi Pham3 · Bao Ngoc Tran3 · Tiep Khac Nguyen4 · Chien Ngoc Nguyen3,5 Silver Sulfadiazine Nanocrystal-Based Hydrogels: The Impact of Lipid Components on In-vitro and Ex-vivo Release, Bacterial Biofilm Permeability, and In-vitro Antibacterial
Activity. J Pharm Innov 19, 24 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-024-09834-w
Dr. Prathima Srinivas*, Sreeja. K “Formulation and Evaluation of Voriconazole Loaded Nanosponges for Oral and Topical Delivery” Int. J. Drug Dev. & Res., JanuaryMarch 2013, 5(1): 55-69.
Anjali S. Kumar*, Sheri P.S., M.A Kuriachan Formulation and Evaluation of Antifungal Nanosponge Loaded Hydrogel for Topical Delivery(2018).
G. U. Sailor*, Vinodkumar D. Ramani, N. Shah1, G. R. Parmar1, Dipti Gohil1, R. Balaraman1 and A. Seth1.(2021). Design of Experiment Approach Based Formulation Optimization of Berberine Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle for Antihyperlipidemic Activity DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.766.
Marwa H Shukr1* and Ghada F Metwally2 Evaluation of Topical Gel Bases Formulated with Various Essential Oils for Antibacterial Activity against MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus Aureus(2014) https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v12i6.3 [this article will be usefull if we perform skin irritation test]
Swapnil Deelip Phalak1, Ramenani Hari Babu2, Parminderjit Kaur3*, Harish R. Pawar4, B Nagarani5, J.Sangeetha6, Vema Kiran7, Touseef Begum8 (2024) Development and Characterization of Naftifine-Loaded Nanoemulsion-Based Nanogels: A Promising Approach for Antifungal Drug Delivery.Frontiers inHealth Informatics, 13(3),9909-9926.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.