A Holistic Study of Gig Economy in Mumbai: Gig Workers’ Experience, Public Views & Digital Solution

Abstract

The Gig Economy is a rapidly growing concept in the modern world, although the nature of work it represents has existed for many years. In earlier times, individuals engaged in freelance or short-term contract-based jobs without any formal classification. Today, with technological advancements, the proliferation of digital platforms, and the rise in entrepreneurial ventures, gig work has become more structured and widespread. The evolution of mobile technology and internet accessibility has made it easier than ever to connect workers with potential clients or companies, giving rise to a dynamic, flexible form of employment. In the Indian context, Mumbai emerges as a leading centre for gig economy activities. The city’s fast-paced environment, high demand for services, and diverse population contribute to the large number of gig workers operating across sectors such as food delivery, transportation, freelance creative work, teaching, and event-based performances. For many, these jobs are not part-time roles or secondary income streams—they are the primary means of survival. The gig economy in Mumbai is not just a trend but a livelihood system that continues to grow rapidly. However, with this growth comes a set of significant challenges. Gig workers often lack the protections and benefits associated with traditional employment, such as job security, fixed working hours, healthcare, paid leave, and social security. This absence of a formal structure results in an unstable work-life balance and may contribute to increased stress and pressure among gig workers. As more individuals enter this workforce, understanding their experiences becomes crucial. This research, the aim is to study and analyze gig economy in Mumbai from a holistic approach. This involves looking at multiple viewpoints such as sustainability, economic, social, etc. in gig economy and investigate the multifaceted perspective of public on gig economy which will help understand how the people view gig work as a user of the service.