Development and Evolution of Antifungal drug loaded Chitosan derived from shrimp and prawn shell for tomato wilt disease
Keywords:
Tomato wilt, Fusarium oxysporum, chitosan nanoparticles, antifungal delivery, biowaste valorisation, sustainable agriculture, controlled releaseAbstract
Tomato wilt disease, which is mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum, causes heavy crop loss and jeopardizes world tomato production. Conventional chemical fungicides tend to cause environmental damage and pathogen resistance, thus the importance of sustainable alternatives. This research seeks to create an environmentally friendly solution by designing antifungal drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles from shrimp and prawn shell waste. Chitosan, isolated through deacetylation of chitin, is a biocompatible nanocarrier that increases stability, bioavailability, and sustained release of antifungal drugs. The system in question aims directly at infected plants with efficient disease suppression. In laboratory tests, there was intense growth inhibition of fungi and spore germination, whereas greenhouse tests showed lessened disease infection and enhanced plant health. Benefits of the strategy are reduced phytotoxicity, enhanced efficacy, value addition to marine waste, and compatibility with the principles of circular bioeconomy. The new formulation presents an encouraging, green alternative to traditional synthetic fungicides, with forthcoming research directed at field-level application and incorporation in agriculture
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