A Study to Assess the Immediate Effect of Breathing Exercises on Selected Respiratory Parameters Among Patients with Restrictive Respiratory Disorders at Selected Hospital of the City

Abstract

Background: Restrictive lung diseases are characterized by reduced lung volumes, either because of an alteration in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus. Unlike obstructive lung diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which show a normal or increased total lung capacity (TLC), restrictive disease are associated with a decreased TLC. Measures of expiratory airflow are preserved and airway resistance is normal and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio is increased. If caused by parenchymal lung disease, restrictive lung disorders are accompanied by reduced gas transfer, which may be marked clinically by desaturation after exercise. The many disorders that cause reduction or restriction of lung volumes may be divided into two groups based on anatomical structures.

The first is intrinsic lung diseases or diseases of the lung parenchyma. The diseases cause inflammation or scarring of the lung tissue (interstitial lung disease) or result in filling of the air spaces with exudate and debris (pneumonitis). he second is extrinsic disorders or extrapulmonary diseases. The chest wall, pleura, and respiratory muscles are the components of the respiratory pump, and they need to function normally for effective ventilation.

Objectives: objectives of the study were 1. To assess selected respiratory parameters among patients with restrictive respiratory disorders.2. To evaluate the immediate effect of breathing exercises on selected respiratory parameters among patients with restrictive respiratory disorders.3. To compare the selected respiratory parameters before and after the breathing exercise.4. To find out the association between selected respiratory parameters with selected demographic variables.

Method: A quasi experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design were used to assess the immediate effect of breathing exercises on selected respiratory parameters among patients with restrictive respiratory disorders at selected hospital of the city. The data was collected from 30 restrictive respiratory disorders patients by using non-probability purposive sampling technique. The results were computed using both the descriptive and inferential statistics based on the objectives of the study.

Results: The result PFT parameter shows that, PEFR before breathing exercises mean found to be 6.78 and standard deviation 0.92, after breathing exercises mean found to be 7.99 and standard deviation 0.41 and unpaired t test value found to be 6.559*. FEV1 before breathing exercises mean found to be 3.11 and standard deviation 0.90, after breathing exercises mean found to be 4.01 and standard deviation 1.36 and unpaired t test value found to be 3.009*. FVC before breathing

exercises mean found to be 3.74 and standard deviation 1.15, after breathing exercises mean found to be 4.39 and standard deviation 1.32 and unpaired t test value found to be 2.038*. FEV1/FVC percentage before breathing exercises mean found to be 84.2% and standard deviation 9.37, after breathing exercises mean found to be 91.09 and standard deviation 8.80 and unpaired t test value found to be 2.936*.

Conclusion: findings of the study indicates that breathing exercises among patients with restrictive respiratory disorder is found to be effective and helpful in improving pulmonary function.