Association Of Various Feeding Practices, Malocclusion And Non-Nutritive Sucking Habits In Indian Child Subjects Aged 3-6 Years
Keywords:
Breastfeeding, feeding practices, malocclusion, nonnutritive sucking habitsAbstract
Background: NNS (non-nutritive sucking) and nutritive sucking might affect craniofacial development differently in the affected child subjects. However, existing literature data is scarce concerning these factors in developing children.
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the association between non-nutritive sucking habits (NNSHs), various feeding practices, and malocclusion in child subjects aged 3-6 years.
Methods: The study assessed 700 child subjects aged 3-6 years from the preschool including 188 subjects with non-nutritive sucking habits and 512 subjects without non-nutritive sucking habits. Feeding practice, the outcome of non-nutritive sucking habits, and exposure to developing malocclusion were assessed.
Results: The study results showed a prevalence of 26.8% of NNHS in study subjects aged 3-6 years. Significant gender difference was seen with p=0.02. Overall malocclusion developing prevalence in study subjects was 34.01% where the most common malocclusion was open bite followed by spacing, increased overjet, crowding, rotation and posterior crossbite, and overbite with 12.57%, 8.5%, 6.8%, 2.2%, 1.4%, and 1.14% respectively. The most common feeding practice was breastfeeding with high chances of NNSH with p<0.0001 in subjects that did not breastfeed compared to breastfeeding infants. A significant association was seen in feeding practices to increased overjet, open bite, and spacing with p=0.001, 0.04, and 0.02 respectively.
Conclusions: The present study concludes that the prevalence of NNSH increases the chances of developing various kinds of malocclusions including spacing, open bite, and increased overjet. Also, breastfeeding plays a protective agent role against the development of non-nutritive sucking habits.
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