Imaging Modalities in the Diagnosis and Management of Gynecologic Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Radiologic Accuracy and Oncologic Outcomes

Authors

  • Dr rabia bibi
  • Amber Shams
  • Khadija Shahzad
  • Ammara Manzoor
  • Amna Rehman
  • Mahwish Rizwan

Keywords:

N\A

Abstract

Gynecologic cancers which include cervical, endometrial, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancers are biologically and clinically heterogeneous. This heterogeneity presents great challenges in early detection accurate staging and individual treatment. Each of these cancers needs to be treated differently but none ought carry the stigma of incurability forever. Imaging modalities--such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), MRI and positron emission tomography(PET) PET-CT--are integral to delimiting tumor extent guiding biopsies, informing surgical and radiotherapeutic planning and monitoring changes in treatment response.

The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to critically appraise the diagnostic accuracy prognostic usefulness and clinical impact of modern imaging techniques in gynecologic oncology. Using a comprehensive search strategy, we identified all relevant literature available on PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library in March 2025. Among them were 87 original papers totaling 32 500 patients. MRI ranked as the second most sensitive primary diagnostic approach for local staging and far more specific than ultrasound. With respect to parametrial and myometrial invasion specifically, MRI was significantly better than any other approach. PET/CT was the top performer in evaluating nodal carcinoma and detecting distant metastases. Ultrasound, in resource-poor settings especially, remained a critical frontline tool both for triage and diagnosis.

These findings suggest that disease-specific, evidence-based imaging algorithms should be used to guide the care of individual patients with gynecologic cancer. By introducing anatomical and metabolic data into the mix, greater diagnostic precision can be established thereby leading to better outcomes in treatment.

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Published

2025-02-19

How to Cite

1.
bibi D rabia, Shams A, Shahzad K, Manzoor A, Rehman A, Rizwan M. Imaging Modalities in the Diagnosis and Management of Gynecologic Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Radiologic Accuracy and Oncologic Outcomes. J Neonatal Surg [Internet]. 2025Feb.19 [cited 2025Oct.22];14(2S):442-53. Available from: https://www.jneonatalsurg.com/index.php/jns/article/view/8392

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2S (2025): Journal of Neonatal Surgery

Section

Original Article

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