An Overview on Nalbuphine
Keywords:
Nalbuphine, opioid analgesic, κ-opioid agonist, μ-opioid antagonist, pain management, anesthesiaAbstract
Nalbuphine is a synthetic opioid analgesic with mixed agonist–antagonist activity, acting as a κ-opioid receptor agonist and a μ-opioid receptor antagonist. It has been widely used for the management of moderate to severe pain and as an adjunct in anesthesia. Compared with traditional opioids such as morphine, nalbuphine provides effective analgesia with a lower risk of respiratory depression, pruritus, and dependence, making it a valuable option in perioperative and postoperative settings
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