“Parenting Styles and Behavioral Outcomes in Urban Children: A Cross-Sectional Study”
Keywords:
Parenting style, Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, Child behavior, SDQ, Urban BangladeshAbstract
Background: Parenting plays a crucial role in shaping children’s behavioral and emotional development. Understanding the relationship between parenting styles and child behavior is essential for promoting healthy child development, particularly in urban communities of developing countries like Bangladesh.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalent parenting styles in urban communities of Bangladesh, examine behavioral aspects of children aged 5–10 years, and explore the relationship between parenting styles and child behavior.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 162 parents of children aged 5 to 10 years residing in two purposively selected urban areas of Dhaka city, namely AGB Colony, Motijheel, and Dhanmondi Residential Area, Bangladesh, from January, 2020 to December, 2020. Data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Parenting practices were assessed using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), while child behavior was evaluated with the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Results: The mean age of respondents was 35.01 ± 6.18 years, with 70.4% females. Authoritative parenting was predominantly practiced (mean = 4.27 ± 0.45), followed by Authoritarian (1.68 ± 0.43) and Permissive (1.50 ± 0.62) styles. Children’s mean age was 7.48 ± 1.73 years, with 55.6% females. Most children fell within normal limits for total behavioral difficulties, though a notable portion exhibited abnormal prosocial behavior. Correlation analysis revealed that total behavioral difficulties, internalizing, and externalizing behaviors were positively associated with permissive and authoritarian parenting, but negatively associated with authoritative parenting. Prosocial behavior showed a positive association with authoritative style and a negative association with permissive and authoritarian styles.
Conclusion: Authoritative parenting is the most common style in the studied urban communities and is associated with positive child behavioral outcomes. Permissive and authoritarian parenting are linked to increased behavioral difficulties. These findings highlight the importance of promoting effective parenting practices to support children’s emotional and social development
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