Nutrient composition and functional properties of Bauhinia vahlii seeds
Keywords:
Anti-oxidant, Total Phenolic content, DPPH, Metal chelating, IC50Abstract
The main aim of this study is to analyse the nutrient composition, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and alpha amylase inhibitory activity of Bauhinia vahlii seeds. AOAC standard methods were used for proximate analysis. For estimation of minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is used. Flame photometry is used for estimation of sodium and potassium contents. The proximate composition analysis indicated that moisture, ash, energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fibre was found to be 47±0.6, 3.4±0.1, 385±2.7, 3.3±1.1, 23.7±0.02, 30.8±0.5, 4.3±0.2 respectively per 100g of dry sample. Mineral analysis revealed that as sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, phosphorous, zinc and magnesium were found to be 7.1±0.2, 476.2±2.6, 6.5±0.2, 303±2.4, 616±3.5, 0.8±0.1, 4.8±0.4 respectively per 100g of dry sample. Four new fatty acids were identified by GC-MS method. They were Hexadecanoic acid (15.48%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (46.49%), 9-Octadecenoic acid (30.63%) and Methyl stearate (7.4%). The IC50 values of DPPH were 0.1 mg/ml and 4.1 mg/ml for aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively. The IC50 values of metal chelating activity were 3.5 mg/ml and 4.8 mg/ml for aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively. The reducing power of both aqueous and methanolic extracts increased with increasing concentration. The total phenolic content was found to be 21.6±0.07mg gallic acid equivalents and 20.9±0.4mg gallic acid equivalents in aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively. The aqueous extract of Bauhinia vahlii seeds, had a greater anti-bacterial potential against gram positive bacteria such as M. luteum whereas methanolic extracts exhibited greater anti-bacterial potential against to gram positive bacteria M. luteum and gram-negative bacteria. At 10mg/ml concentration, the aqueous extracts of Bauhinia vahlii seeds showed anti-bacterial activity against M. luteum (12mm) followed by E. coli (11mm), P. aeruginosa (10mm) and B. subtilis (10mm). At 10mg/ml concentration, the methanolic extracts of Bauhinia vahlii seeds showed maximum anti-bacterial activity against M. luteum (12mm), E. coli (12mm), P. aeruginosa (12mm) followed by B. subtilis (11mm). The alpha amylase inhibitory activities of Bauhinia vahlii seeds aqueous extracts with increasing concentrations such as 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10mg/ml were found to be 38.3±0.6, 68.6±0.4, 90.2±0.6, 91.7±0.2 and 93.6±0.6 percentage respectively. As well as, the alpha amylase inhibitory activities of Bauhinia vahlii seeds methanolic extracts with increasing concentrations such as 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10mg/ml were found to be 40.1±0.8, 47.3±0.5, 54.9±0.7, 74.6±0.4 and 80.5±0.4 percentage respectively. The IC50 values for the aqueous and methanolic extracts of were calculated as 0.6 and 1.6mg respectively.
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