Antifungal Resistance Pattern in Candida Species: Tackling the Emerging Threat to Human Health
Keywords:
Candida, Fungal Infection, Vitek 2, Antifungal ResistanceAbstract
Background: Candida is yeast like fungus and a normal commensal flora of human body but may be associated with superficial and deep seated fungal infections. C.albicans is the most common causative agent of candidiasis; the frequency of other Non-Albicans Candida (NAC) species is increasing.
Material and Methods: Samples were processed and identified by standard microbiological methods candida species were isolated from various clinical. Species level identification and Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by using VITEK 2 compact system. Susceptibility was determined using an AST-YS09card, which tests the MIC of 6 antifungals, i.e., FLU, 5-FC, VRC, AMB, CAS, and MFG.
Result: All total 438 isolates of different candida species were identified. Among those isolates, C.albicans found the most that is 34%, followed by C.tropicalis(23%), C.haemulonii(16%), C.krusei(10%), C.glabrata(7%), C.auris(6%), and C.parapsilosis(4%) respectively. Gender predominance of Candidiasis infection was seen in males (67%). Antifungal susceptibility profile of candida albicans shows maximum resistance to flucytosine(38%), followed by fluconazole(26%), caspofungin(20%), micafungin(16%), amphotericin B(13%), voriconazole(12%) respectively.
Conclusion: Conclusion: Our study shows an increased incidence of Non albicans Candida over C.albicans showing a significant resistance against various antifungals. There is definitely a need to have a program to monitor the use of antifungals and preventive control measures taken to hinder the further dissemination of antifungals
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