Development And Evaluation Of Phyllanthus Niruri-Based Topical Gel For Antibacterial And Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Keywords:
Anti-inflammatory, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antibacterial, Herbal Gel, Herbal Gel, Natural Medicine, Natural Medicine, Phyllanthus Niruri, Phyllanthus Niruri, Phytochemicals, Phytochemicals, Plant-based Formulation, Plant-based Formulation, Skin Infections, Skin Infections, Topical Delivery, Topical Delivery, Traditional Medicine, Traditional Medicine, Wound Healing, Wound Healing, Zero Side Effects, Zero Side EffectsAbstract
The development of P. niruri-based topical gels necessitates optimized extraction methods to maximize the yield of active phytochemicals. Various extraction techniques can be employed, including traditional methods like maceration and percolation, and modern approaches such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). Studies have shown that the choice of solvent significantly influences the concentration of bioactive compounds; for instance, 96% ethanol positively impacts flavonoid extraction, while 50% ethanol is more effective for phenolic compounds (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). The general process involves grinding the plant material, typically the whole plant, and then subjecting it to the chosen extraction method with an appropriate solvent, such as ethanol or a hydroethanolic mixture (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). For maceration, the powdered plant material remains in contact with the extracting liquid for several days, while percolation involves a continuous flow of solvent through the material (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). Ultrasound extraction, on the other hand, involves immersing the plant material in the solvent and applying ultrasonic waves for a shorter duration (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). After extraction, the resulting crude extracts are often concentrated using a rotary evaporator (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). Subsequent quantification of flavonoids is performed using spectrophotometric methods, while phenolic compounds are quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method (Optimization of the Extraction Process of Phyllanthus Niruri L., n.d.). The prepared extracts are then subjected to physicochemical stability tests, evaluating characteristics such as homogeneity, pH, and viscosity, to ensure a stable and effective topical formulation (2016)..
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